Anti-inflammatory, membraneprotective and capillary strengthening properties of sweet flag leaf extracts

Abstract

Abstract Despite significant advances in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the problem of pharmacological correction of this pathology remains quite relevant. Many drugs used in the pharmacotherapy of inflammatory pathology are characterized by several adverse reactions, which limits their use in polymorbid patients. A promising way to solve this problem is the use of herbal remedies that affect some inflammatory patterns, reduce manifestations of oxidative stress, have a polymodal effect, have a sufficient raw material base, and are characterized by efficiency and safety. The aim of this work was a comparative study of anti-inflammatory, membrane-protective, and capillary-strengthening properties of Acorus calamus extracts. Materials and methods. Anti-inflammatory activity was studied in models of carrageenan and zymosan paw edema in rats. Investigation of capillary-strengthening activity of Acorus calamus leaf extracts was carried out by the method of P. Golikov and the study effect of extracts on the vascular permeability of the skin of rats without the participation of phlogogenic agents (McClure-Aldrich test) by the rate of resorption of saline papules. The study of membrane-stabilizing properties of Acorus extracts was carried out by the method of Jager F. C., which is based on determining the degree of spontaneous peroxide destruction of erythrocyte membranes. Results and Discussions. In models of carrageenan, histamine, and zymosan edema of the paw in rats, the presence of dose-dependent antiexudative action of Acorus leaf extracts has been established. According to the degree of antiexudative effect in carrageenan (79.5%) and histamine (50%) edema, the maximum activity was shown by LHAEAL, in the model of zymosan edema - DEAL (43.5%). In terms of this type of activity, the extracts were not inferior to quercetin comparison drug and were somewhat inferior to sodium diclofenac. Acorus leaf extracts have a capillary-strengthening and membrane-stabilizing effect, which is confirmed by a significant decrease in vascular permeability by 1.2-1.4 times. Membrane-stabilizing activity of Acorus leaf extracts in the model of spontaneous hemolysis of erythrocytes was 31.3% –40.7%. In this type of activity, they reliably exceeded the effect of comparison drugs of quercetin and sodium diclofenac. The maximum activity was observed when using DEAL at a dose of 1 mL/kg, which should be used for further research as a conditionally therapeutic. Conclusions. The obtained results determine the prospects for further research of Acorus leaf extracts to develop a new effective anti-inflammatory phytomedicine for the prevention and complex therapy of human diseases.