Interdependence of nosocomial infections and antibiotic resistance

Abstract

The problem of hospital-acquired infections (HAI) is inextricably linked with antibiotic resistance. HAI in most cases is caused by the formation and spread of hospital strains that are resistant to antibacterial drugs (ABP). HAI caused by multi-resistant microorganisms increase health care costs, increase the duration of hospitalization and determine an extremely unfavorable outcome for the patient. The continuous epidemic process of HAI is due to the fact that bacterial pathogens in medical institutions can be acquired through direct or indirect contact between patients, health workers, visitors, and through objects in the medical institution's environment. The intensive development and widespread use of high-tech methods of providing medical care expand the routes and factors of infection transmission, causing the emergence of new risks associated with HAI. According to estimates by the World Health Organization (WHO), out of 100 hospitalized patients, at least one form of HAI will be identified in 7 patients in developed countries and in 10 patients in developing countries.