Isolation and Identification of some Primary Metabolites, Micro- and Macroelements of Aesculus hippocastanum L. Seeds

Abstract

The qualitative composition and quantitative content of amino acids were studied by PC and HPLC methods. 15 free amino acids were identified in the endosperm and skin of A. hippocastanum. 16 bound amino acids were identified in the endosperm; 17 bound amino acids were identified in the skin. The GC/MS method shows that A. hippocastanum skin and endosperm contain 2 free sugars and 5 after hydrolysis. We can also distinguish specific sugars for seed endosperm which are not present in the skin of the seed: Rha, Fuc, and Sucrose. Specific sugars in the skin of the seed are Xyl and Man. The endosperm of seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum accumulates starch, WSPS, and lipophilic compounds. PS and HC are concentrated in the skin. The qualitative composition and quantitative content of 19 macro and microelements in skin and endosperm of seeds of A. hippocastanum was studied by atomic emission spectrophotometry. The skin of seeds of A. hippocastanum accumulates macro and microelements. The seeds do not accumulate toxic metals, and this enables their use as medicinal plant material. The results show big differences between endosperm and skin in their contents of primary metabolites and elements. Those differences depend on functions that the skin and endosperm are playing in plants, and they influence how medicines and food supplements might be created.