Determination of optimal extraction conditions of phenolic compounds from acorus calamus leaves

Abstract

From the beginning of its existence and until now, interest in herbal remedies has only grown. Not surprisingly, medicinal herbs are a source of unique combinations of biologically active components that are capable of exhibiting significant pharmacolog-ical effects. One of these medicinal plants is Acorus calamus (sweet f lag), whose rhizomes have long been used in official and folk medicine, cooking and cosmetology. However, recent studies point to the considerable potential of the aerial part of Acorus calamus as a novel herbal remedy, which is associated with the presence in the leaf of the plant, in addition to essential oil, a considerable amount of substances of phenolic nature.The aim of the research was to determine the optimal conditions for the removal of phenolic compounds from the leaves of Acorus calamus and to determine the technological parameters of raw materials.Materials and methods. During the research, samples of raw materials collected on the territory of Kharkiv region were used, as well as methods that are given in the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine.Result. As a result of the research, the extraction conditions at which there was highest content of the extraction of biolog-ically active substances were determined. The extractant, the degree of grinding of the raw material and the optimum extraction time were selected, which allowed to extract almost 80 % of the quantitative content of f lavonoids from the raw material. The main technological parameters of Acorus calamus leaves were also determined. The obtained results will be the basis for the development of the technology of obtaining phyto-substance from the leaves of Acorus calamus.Conclusions. The selection of optimal extraction conditions of biologically active compounds from Acorus calamus leaves was carried out. The obtained results show that in order to obtain extracts with the maximum content of biologically active sub-stances (f lavonoids), it is advisable to use raw materials with a particle size of 0.5 to 1.0 mm, as an extractant 70 % alcohol and an extraction time of 4 hours.