Anti-inflammatory properties of raspberry shoot extract

Abstract

Raspberry fruits contain some phenolic compounds, the predominant of which are anthocyanins and ellagitannins, with significantly lower concentrations of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and flavan-3-ols. It is known that the inflammatory process is a typical pathological process that accompanies most diseases and is associated with a complex of structural, functional, and metabolic disorders, both at the organ level and at the cell level and is accompanied by pain and edema. This work aims to study the anti-inflammatory properties of raspberry shoot extract (RSE). Material and methods. The antiexudative activity of RSE was studied on 56 white outbred male rats weighing 180-220 g, in which a model of acute inflammation induced by subplantar injection of 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan (Fluka, Switzerland) into the right hind paw of rats was reproduced. All animals were divided into 6 groups. I - control pathology (animals that were subplantarly administered solution of carrageenan and intragastrically administered with 0.5 mL/kg of distilled water); Groups II and III - animals that were administered carrageenan solution subplantarly and the studied RSE was administered intragastrically at a dose of 0.5 mL/kg and 1 mL/kg, respectively. Animals of groups IV and V were administered intragastrically drugs of comparison against the background of the introduction of carrageenan: diclofenac sodium at a dose of 8 mg/kg or indomethacin at a dose of 2 mg/kg; Group VI was administered intragastrically infusion of raspberry leaves at a dose of 1 mL/kg against the background of carrageenan; VII and group consisted of intact animals, which were administered 0.1 mL of saline subplantarly. Results and Discussion. Analysis of the data in the table showed that RSE at a dose of 0.5 and 1.0 mL/kg has a decongestant effect throughout the entire period of the experiment. A particularly pronounced antiexudative effect of RSE at a dose of 1.0 ml/kg was exerted during the first three hours after the introduction of phlogogen. So, at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg its activity by the third hour of the experiment was 38.1%, and at a dose of 1.0 ml/kg 49.8%. 8 hours after the introduction of phlogogen, RSE inhibited the development of edema somewhat weaker than the traditional NSAIDs - indomethacin and diclofenac sodium (30.3% and 36.7%, respectively). After 24 hours, the antiexudative activity of RSE was 7.1% (for a dose of 0.5 mL/kg), 19.6% (for a dose of 1.0 mL/kg), 21.8% for indomethacin and 24.7% for diclofenac sodium. Thus, the studies carried out indicate the presence of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticytolytic properties of raspberry shoot extract.