Standardization and quality evaluation of dried propolis powder for pharmaceutical use

Abstract

Introductions. Natural products have long played a vital role in human healthcare, and inter- est in their therapeutic applications continues to grow. Bee products particularly propolis have drawn considerable scientific attention. Propolis, a resinous substance collected and modified by honeybees, possesses notable antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties attributed to its diverse chemical composition. However, variations in plant sources and processing methods lead to significant differ- ences in its composition and biological activity. As a result, establishing standardized methods for producing and characterizing dried propolis powder is essential to ensure its safety, efficacy, and integration into modern pharmaceutical practice.