Special Running Exercises in Track and Field Athletics Training Program for Pupils with Special Needs

Abstract

Purpose: to define influence of special running exercises on pupils with special needs for increase in the level of their mastering running movements. Material: 18 pupils of the Municipal institution "Bohodukhivskyi special teaching and educational complex" of Kharkiv regional council participated in the research. 8 pupils at the age of 9-10 years, 10 pupils at the age of 13-15 years with deviations in intellectual development who are engaged in the sports section "general physical training" took part in the experimental work. The developed and used complex of special running exercises in the experiment in special general educational institution was based on a basis of scientific publications, personal experience, poll of physical culture teachers which have experience with the appropriate level of physical development and physical fitness of mentally retarded pupils. Results: application of special running exercises in trainings with sportsmen who have deviation of mental development promoted mastering of skills in sprint, correct statement of foot, position of a trunk and work of hands at run. The number of repetitions and the corresponding distance of special running exercises of sprint of the training program in track and field athletics are experimentally defined. The eight-week track and field athletics training program, duration time till two hours for sportsmen with deviation of mental development is implemented. Studying the correct running movements during performance of running special exercises and gradual preparation of the musculoskeletal system for physical activity promoted improvement of test sports indicators in speed and dexterity of pupils of the sports section. The recommendations for physical culture teachers, which are directed to training for pupils with special needs which consider emotional state, physical fitness of persons with different deviations, developed. Conclusions: application of the right choice of special running exercises when mastering the technique of sprint of mentally retarded pupils creates conditions to the improvement of sports indicators in speed and dexterity. The recommendations are offered to physical culture teachers, which allow giving trainings taking into account specific features of psychophysical development of pupils with special needs.